//! DEFLATE loader.

use crate::{bin::check_data, bit::*, err::*};
use std::cmp::Ordering;

/// Loads a ZLIB file header.
pub fn load_zlib_header(b: &[u8]) -> ResultS<usize>
{
   const CM:    u8 = 0b0000_1111;
   const CINFO: u8 = 0b1111_0000;
   const FDICT: u8 = 0b0010_0000;

   read_data! {
      endian: BIG, buf: b, size: 2, start: 0, data {
         let fcheck = u16[0];
         let cmf = u8[0];
         let flg = u8[1];
      }
   }

   let cm    = cmf & CM;
   let cinfo = cmf & CINFO;

   if cm != 8 {
      bail!("unknown compression method");
   }

   if cinfo > 7 << 4 {
      bail!("lz77 window size logarithm is invalid");
   }

   if fcheck % 31 != 0 {
      bail!("invalid fcheck");
   }

   if flg & FDICT != 0 {
      bail!("dictionary not supported");
   }

   Ok(2)
}

/// Loads a GZIP file header.
pub fn load_gzip_header(b: &[u8]) -> ResultS<usize>
{
   const FHCRC:     u8 = 1 << 1;
   const FEXTRA:    u8 = 1 << 2;
   const FNAME:     u8 = 1 << 3;
   const FCOMMENT:  u8 = 1 << 4;
   const FRESERVED: u8 = 0xe0;

   read_data! {
      endian: LITTLE, buf: b, size: 10, start: 0, data {
         let id = u16[0];
         let cm = u8[2];
         let fl = u8[3];
      }
   }

   if id != 0x8b1f || cm != 8 {
      bail!("not gzip format");
   }

   let mut p = 10;

   if fl & FRESERVED != 0 {
      bail!("reserved flags set");
   }

   if fl & FEXTRA != 0 {
      read_data! {
         endian: LITTLE, buf: b, size: 2, start: p, data {
            let xlen = u16[0] usize;
         }
      }

      p += 2 + xlen;

      check_data(b, p)?;
   }

   if fl & FNAME != 0 {
      p += skip_zero_terminated_item(&b[p..])?;
   }

   if fl & FCOMMENT != 0 {
      p += skip_zero_terminated_item(&b[p..])?;
   }

   if fl & FHCRC != 0 {
      p += 2;

      check_data(b, p)?;
   }

   Ok(p)
}

fn skip_zero_terminated_item(b: &[u8]) -> ResultS<usize>
{
   if let Some(i) = b.iter().position(|&n| n == 0) {
      Ok(i + 1)
   } else {
      bail!("no end of zero terminated item");
   }
}

/// Decompresses a DEFLATE compressed bitstream.
pub fn load_deflate(b: &[u8]) -> ResultS<(usize, Vec<u8>)>
{
   let mut v = Vec::new();
   let mut p = 0;

   loop {
      let bfinal = read_bits_l(b, p, 1)?;
      p += 1;
      let btype = read_bits_l(b, p, 2)?;
      p += 2;

      match btype {
         0b10 => p = stream_dynamic(&mut v, b, p)?,
         0b01 => p = stream_s_table(&mut v, b, p)?,
         0b00 => p = stream_literal(&mut v, b, p)?,
         _    => bail!("bad btype"),
      }

      if bfinal == 1 {
         return Ok((p / 8, v));
      }
   }
}

fn stream_dynamic(v: &mut Vec<u8>, b: &[u8], mut p: usize) -> ResultS<usize>
{
   const CODE_ORDERING: [usize; 19] =
      [16, 17, 18, 0, 8, 7, 9, 6, 10, 5, 11, 4, 12, 3, 13, 2, 14, 1, 15];

   // read header (number of literal alphabet codes, number of distance
   // alphabet codes, and number of lengths for decoding the alphabet)
   let hlit = read_bits_l(b, p, 5)?;
   p += 5;
   let hdist = read_bits_l(b, p, 5)?;
   p += 5;
   let hclen = read_bits_l(b, p, 4)?;
   p += 4;

   let hlit  = 257 + hlit as usize;
   let hdist = 1 + hdist as usize;
   let hclen = 4 + hclen as usize;

   // first, get the huffman coding for the alphabet (which is also compressed)
   let mut code_table = [0; 19];

   for i in 0..hclen {
      let len = read_bits_l(b, p, 3)? as u16;
      p += 3;

      code_table[CODE_ORDERING[i]] = len;
   }

   // then, we decode the alphabet (doing both types at the same time, because
   // they're encoded the same anyways)
   let code_table = HuffmanTable::new(&code_table)?;
   let mut alphabet = vec![0; hlit + hdist];

   p = read_alphabet(b, p, &mut alphabet, code_table)?;

   if alphabet[256] == 0 {
      bail!("no way to end block");
   }

   // build the length and distance tables from this information
   let table_len = HuffmanTable::new(&alphabet[0..hlit])?;
   let table_dst = HuffmanTable::new(&alphabet[hlit..hlit + hdist])?;

   output_tables(v, b, p, table_len, table_dst)
}

#[allow(clippy::needless_range_loop)]
fn stream_s_table(v: &mut Vec<u8>, b: &[u8], p: usize) -> ResultS<usize>
{
   let mut len = [0; 288];

   for i in   0..144 {len[i] = 8;}
   for i in 144..256 {len[i] = 9;}
   for i in 256..280 {len[i] = 7;}
   for i in 280..288 {len[i] = 8;}

   let dst = [5; 30];

   let table_len = HuffmanTable::new(&len)?;
   let table_dst = HuffmanTable::new(&dst)?;

   output_tables(v, b, p, table_len, table_dst)
}

fn stream_literal(v: &mut Vec<u8>, b: &[u8], p: usize) -> ResultS<usize>
{
   // copy data directly from byte boundary
   let mut p = p / 8 + 1;

   read_data! {
      endian: LITTLE, buf: b, size: 4, start: p, data {
         let len = u16[0] usize;
      }
   }

   p += 4;
   v.extend(ok!(b.get(p..p + len), "not enough data")?);

   Ok((p + len) * 8)
}

fn read_alphabet(b: &[u8],
                 mut p: usize,
                 alphabet: &mut [u16],
                 code_table: HuffmanTable) -> ResultS<usize>
{
   let mut i = 0;
   while i < alphabet.len() {
      let (bits, sym) = code_table.decode(b, p)?;
      p += bits;

      match sym {
         0..=15 => {
            // raw code
            alphabet[i] = sym;
            i += 1;
         }
         16 => {
            // copy previous code 3-6 times
            if i == 0 {
               bail!("cannot copy on first alphabet code");
            }

            let len = usize::from(read_bits_l(b, p, 2)? as u8 + 3);
            let lst = alphabet[i - 1];
            p += 2;

            for _ in 0..len {
               alphabet[i] = lst;
               i += 1;
            }
         }
         17 => {
            // repeat '0' 3-10 times
            let len = usize::from(read_bits_l(b, p, 3)? as u8 + 3);
            p += 3;

            for _ in 0..len {
               alphabet[i] = 0;
               i += 1;
            }
         }
         18 => {
            // repeat '0' 11-138 times
            let len = usize::from(read_bits_l(b, p, 7)? as u8 + 11);
            p += 7;

            for _ in 0..len {
               alphabet[i] = 0;
               i += 1;
            }
         }
         _ => {
            bail!("bad symbol in alphabet");
         }
      }

      if i > alphabet.len() {
         bail!("too many codes");
      }
   }

   Ok(p)
}

fn output_tables(v: &mut Vec<u8>,
                 b: &[u8],
                 mut p: usize,
                 table_len: HuffmanTable,
                 table_dst: HuffmanTable) -> ResultS<usize>
{
   const LEN_BASE: [usize; 29] = [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19,
                                  23, 27, 31, 35, 43, 51, 59, 67, 83, 99, 115,
                                  131, 163, 195, 227, 258];

   const LEN_EXTRA_BITS: [u8; 29] = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2,
                                     2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5,
                                     0];

   const DST_BASE: [usize; 30] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 13, 17, 25, 33, 49, 65,
                                  97, 129, 193, 257, 385, 513, 769, 1025,
                                  1537, 2049, 3073, 4097, 0x1801, 0x2001,
                                  0x3001, 0x4001, 0x6001];

   const DST_EXTRA_BITS: [u8; 30] = [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5,
                                     6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10, 11, 11,
                                     12, 12, 13, 13];

   loop {
      let (bits, sym) = table_len.decode(b, p)?;
      p += bits;

      match sym.cmp(&256) {
         Ordering::Less => {
            // direct byte
            v.push(sym as u8);
         }
         Ordering::Equal => {
            return Ok(p);
         }
         Ordering::Greater => {
            // this is a <len, dst> pair
            let sym = sym - 257;

            if sym > 29 {
               bail!("invalid fixed code");
            }

            let sym = usize::from(sym);

            // first get the actual length and any extra bits it may have
            let bits = LEN_EXTRA_BITS[sym];
            let leng = LEN_BASE[sym] + read_bits_l(b, p, bits)? as usize;
            p += usize::from(bits);

            // decode the distance with its alphabet
            let (bits, sym) = table_dst.decode(b, p)?;
            p += bits;

            let sym = usize::from(sym);

            // get the actual distance and any extra bits it may have
            let bits = DST_EXTRA_BITS[sym];
            let dist = DST_BASE[sym] + read_bits_l(b, p, bits)? as usize;
            p += usize::from(bits);

            if dist > v.len() {
               bail!("bad distance");
            }

            // copy bytes from earlier
            for _ in 0..leng {
               v.push(v[v.len() - dist]);
            }
         }
      }
   }
}

impl HuffmanTable
{
   fn new(table: &[u16]) -> ResultS<Self>
   {
      let mut syms = vec![0; table.len()];
      let mut nums = [0; 16];

      // count the number of symbols for each bit length
      for &length in table {
         nums[usize::from(length)] += 1;
      }

      if usize::from(nums[0]) == table.len() {
         bail!("bad table lengths");
      }

      // make offsets into the symbol table for each bit count
      let mut ofs = [0; 16];

      for i in 1..=14 {
         ofs[i + 1] = ofs[i] + usize::from(nums[i]);
      }

      // make the actual bit pattern table
      for (n, &length) in table.iter().enumerate() {
         // length 0 means this code isn't used, so only try to make bit
         // patterns for codes that actually exist
         if length != 0 {
            // make sure to make each offset unique
            let offset = &mut ofs[usize::from(length)];
            syms[*offset] = n as u16;
            *offset += 1;
         }
      }

      Ok(Self{nums, syms})
   }

   fn decode(&self, b: &[u8], mut p: usize) -> ResultS<(usize, u16)>
   {
      let mut code  = 0_u16;
      let mut first = 0_u16;
      let mut index = 0_u16;

      for i in 1..=15 {
         // add bit from file
         code |= read_bits_l(b, p, 1)? as u16;
         p += 1;

         // check our symbol table for this one (quick tree check)
         let count = self.nums[i];

         if i32::from(code) - i32::from(count) < i32::from(first) {
            return Ok((i, self.syms[usize::from(index + code - first)]));
         }

         // continue on, trying to find the correct sequence
         index += count;
         first += count;

         first <<= 1;
         code  <<= 1;
      }

      Err(repr_error(code))
   }
}

struct HuffmanTable
{
   nums: [u16; 16],
   syms: Vec<u16>,
}

// EOF